Essential Principles and History
Documents
The Avalon Project: Documents in Law, History, and Diplomacy. New Haven, CT: Yale Law School, 2008.
- Federalist Papers No. 14, “Objections to the Proposed Constitution.”
- Federalist Papers No. 41, “General View of the Powers Conferred by the Constitution.”
- Federalist Papers No. 47, "The Particular Structure of the New Government and the Distribution of Power Among Its Different Parts."
- Federalist Papers No. 48, "How These Departments Should Not Be So Far Separated as to Have No Constitutional Control Over Each Other."
- Federalist Papers No. 49, "Method of Guarding Against the Encroachments of Any One Department of Government."
English Bill of Rights (UK Archival Description of Document and Text).
Magna Carta (Text, The British Library; Description of, US National Archives).
US Congress “Concurrent Resolution to Recognize the Contribution of the Iroquois Confederacy of Nations to the Development of the US Constitution” (1988).
Articles and Other Resources
Grinde, Donald and Johnson, Bruce, Chapters 2 and 9
Exemplars of Liberty: Native America and the Evolution of Democracy, American Indian Studies Center, UCLA (1990).
Hansen, Teri
“How the Great Law of Peace Shaped U.S. Democracy,” Native America/Native Voices, PBS, Dec. 17, 2018.
King, Martin Luther
“Letter from a Birmingham Jail,” April 16, 1963. Available at African Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania.
Luttig, Michael and Tribe, Lawrence
- “The Constitution Prohibits Trump From Ever Running Again,” The Atlantic, August 19, 2023.
- “A Moment of Existential Existence,” MSNBC, June 30, 2024.
Paine, Thomas. Common Sense (1776). Available online at USHistory.org.
France
Economist magazine: Topics Index: France.
The New York Times: Times Topics: France. See, e.g.,
- “Why So Many People Are Protesting in France Over Pensions,” January 23, 2023.
- “A Fatal Shooting and a Hijab Ban: 2 Faces of France’s Racial Divisions,” July 2, 2023.
- “Léon Gautier, Last Surviving French Commando of D-Day, Dies at 100,” July 4, 2023.
- “What Just Happened In France Is Astounding,” Opinion, July 9, 2024.
Other Resources
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, 1789. The Avalon Project.
Constitution of 4 October, 1958 (5th Republic), Constitutional Council of France.
Hacken, Richard. "EuroDocs—History of France: Primary Documents" (2006). Brigham Young University.
Jones, Colin. The Cambridge Illustrated History of France (Cambridge University Press, 1999).
U.S. Department of State Human Rights Country Reports (go to current year Country Reports on Human Rights Practices and scroll down to Europe and Eurasia/France).
Guatemala
Economist magazine: Topics Index: Guatemala.
The New York Times: World: Times Topics: Guatemala. See, e.g.:
- “A Newspaper’s Closing Deals a Blow to a Nation’s Democracy,” May 16, 2023.
- “What an Election Surprise in Central America May Mean,” June 26, 2023.
- “Guatemala’s New President is Sworn In, Despite Efforts to Stop Him,” January 24, 2024.
Other Resources
Foreign Affairs
“The Guatemalan Counterinsurgency Never Ended,” by Will Stroman, June 23, 2023.
International Crisis Group, “From Crutch to Catalyst: The [U.N.] International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala,” (Jan. 25, 2016).
Open Society Justice Initiative
“Guatemala’s Search for Justice Continues: Beyond the Rios Montt Trial,” by Emi Maclean (January 12, 2015).
“International Prosecutors . . . Ordered Out,” by Eric White (January 10, 2019).
U.S. Department of State Human Rights Country Reports (go to current year Country Reports on Human Rights Practices and scroll down to Western Hemisphere/Guatemala).
Uzbekistan
Economist magazine: Topics Index: Uzbekistan.
The New York Times: World: Times Topics: Uzbekistan.
Other Resources
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
“Uzbekistan’s Untouchable President,” by Chris Rickleton, July 6, 2023.
Transparency International: Uzbekistan Page.
U.S. Department of State Human Rights Country Reports (go to current year Country Reports on Human Rights Practices and scroll down to Europe and Eurasia/Uzbekistan).
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